Baking soda, also known as sodium bicarbonate, is a chemical compound with the formula NaHCO₃. It is a white solid that is crystalline but often appears as a fine powder. Baking soda is a mild, non-toxic, and non-abrasive alkali that is commonly used in baking as a leavening agent. When combined with an acid, it produces carbon dioxide gas, which causes dough or batter to rise. It can also be used as a cleaning agent, deodorizer, and antacid. Baking soda is also used in personal care products, fire extinguishers, and as a water softener.
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